After the injection of deoxyglucose, the visual fields of the anesthetized monkey were stimulated with slowly moving vertical black and white stripes. The resulting autoradiograph shows dense periodic labeling, for example in layers 5 and 6 (large central elongated area). The dark gray narrow ring outside this, layer 4Cß, is uniformly labeled, as expected, because the cells are not orientation selective. The pattern we obtained, as shown in the autoradiograph to the left, was far more complex than that of ocular-dominance columns. Nevertheless the periodicity was clear, with 1 millimeter or less from one dense region to the next, as would be expected from the physiology--the distance an electrode has to move to go from a given orientation, such as vertical, through all intermediates and back to vertical. Some places showed stripelike regularity extending for several square millimeters. We had wondered whether the orientation slabs and the ocular-dominance stripes might in any way be related in their geometry--for example, be parallel or intersect at 90 degrees. In the same experiment, we were able to reveal the ocular-dominance columns by injecting the eye with a radioactive amino acid and to look at the same block of tissue by the two methods, as shown in the second autoradiograph to the left.